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The relevant factors of catheter blockage include the following 3 aspects: 1.The age and disease of the patient: hypertension, hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, tumor patients are high-risk groups; 2. The location of placing the catheter: If veins with rich venous valves (cephalic veins, lower extremity veins) is catheterized, thrombotic blockage is prone to occur .The puncture point located in the elbow socket has a higher risk of thrombosis than in the middle and upper arms 3.Flushing tube and sealing method: The push-stop-push pulse flushing method is not used, and the positive pressure state cannot be reached when sealing the tube, which are the main reason for the blockage, accounting for up to 26%. Studies have shown that with the extension of catheter indwelling time, the incidence of catheter blockage increases and has become the most common cause of unplanned extubation. According to the nature of the blockage, it is divided into: thrombotic blockage, mechanical blockage, and drug-related blockage. Among them, thrombotic blockages account for the majority.
CVC is a device that doctors place in a large vein in the neck, chest, or arm to deliver fluids, nutrients, or to perform quick medical tests and treatments.
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The training covers ultrasound-guided PICC catheterization, PICC catheterization, ultrasound-guided mini midline catheterization and mini midline catheterization. Among them, the mini midline catheterization had attracted the much attention.
The insertion of a mini- midline as part of the first emergency room visit in selected patients is a rapid, safe, and cost-effective procedure, which can provide the patient with stable venous access during the all hospitalization time.
In a randomized prospective trial by Pittiruti,46 catheters received a 70% alcohol port protector with no detected CLABSIs over 707 catheters days, colonization in two catheters and no contaminated blood culture[18]. Of note the Pittiruti study resulted in reductions of CLABIs in the port protector/disinfection cap group and the control group, with improvements attributed to both the disinfection caps and educational efforts. These disinfection caps applied and left in place provide active mechanical friction along with longer contact time creating a physical and chemical barrier between the lumen and the environment[26].
PICC insertion is often the first choice when a person is expected to require more than two weeks of intravenous therapy.
The small, flexible tube is placed in a vein in the patient\'s arm. The patient needs to take care of the PICC line in order for it to work normally.
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PICC line for adults is widely used clinically. In order to reduce the occurrence of complications, it is important to understand PICC precautions and contraindications.
Generally speaking, when a person is expected to need more than two weeks of intravenous treatment, the PICC line is the ideal choice. Compared with other central venous access, the PICC line is more patient-friendly.
Breast cancer is the most common tumor affecting women\'s health worldwide[1]. According to the 2018 National Cancer Registry, breast cancer is the leading incidence of malignant tumors in women, accounting for 16.51%, and is rising yearly.
Patients who are lying in the bed due to infection, large-scale trauma surgery or limb paraplegia caused by disease , can not take exercises by themselves.
With the improvement of medical level, people pay more attention to occupational exposure and needle stabbing, most intravenous therapy use needle-less infusion connectors to avoid needle stabbing nowadays. The separated membrane-type needle--less infusion joints is more popular among them, no springs or any other metal, doctors and nurses can use it in MRI.
Catheter-related blood infection is one of the common medical-derived infections in clinical practice, and the infection factors involve the operation, care, patient management and many other aspects, which adversely affect the prognosis of patients and cause heavy financial burden.
